Sex Abstinence and your Future Essay - 559 Words

Many people do not understand the meaning of abstinence. Some believe that abstinence is not having vaginal intercourse but they can enjoy other kinds of sex play that dont lead to pregnancy mostly known as outercourse. Some people believe that abstinence is not having vaginal intercourse when a woman might get pregnant. This form of sexual activity as Periodical abstinence, this type of abstinence is based on the fertility awareness methods of birth control. Abstinence is defined as practicing restraint oneself from indulging in something. Using this definition in sexual activity we can describe abstinence as practicing restraint from indulging or having any type of sexual activity. Practicing abstinence is refraining from oral, anal and†¦show more content†¦There are benefits to practicing abstinence such as prevent pregnancy, preventing STDs and STIs, having fun with romantic partners without the complexity of sexual involvement, being able to support personal, moral, or religious beliefs and values and/or easier recovery time when getting over a breakup. Many people ask how is abstinence 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and most STIs and STDs? Abstinence is 100% effective because if two people dont practice sexual intercourse, then the male sperm isn’t able fertilize an egg so, theres no possibility of the woman’s pregnancy. There are some forms of birth control that are dependent on barriers that prevent the sperm from reaching the egg, such as condoms. This makes abstinence the most effective birth control, because the person is not having sexual intercourse therefore the sperm never gets to the egg. Abstinence and its benefits to your future Choosing abstinence can lead to healthier relationships for the present and the future. Choosing abstinence allows you to focus on getting to know your partner without the complexity of sex or it becoming the focus of the entire relationship you have. Also abstinence allows you to have confidence that your partner that actually loves you for you and not what you can give them. In your marriage, you will beShow MoreRelatedThe Reality Of Abstinence Versus Sex Education1224 Words   |  5 Pages10 April 2017 The Reality of Abstinence Versus Sex Education Do you ever stop to wonder what goes through a teen’s mind? Maybe it s the late paper that wasn t turned in for English or the worry of coming home after school to family members being high as a kite, maybe it s the plans for their significant other later on or the so called special night they have planned together. Whether it be one of the topics mentioned or some far off random thought either way sex will be on a teen’s mind at someRead MoreUnited States has the Highest Rate of Teenage Pregnancies Essay1687 Words   |  7 Pagesin a year. When the topic of sex arises, people become uncomfortable because it is a subject that is thought of as personal and secretive. However, people aren’t only uncomfortable with the subject because of it being taboo, people try to avoid the subject because they aren’t always informed correctly about it and don’t have a way to learn about it, excluding the internet which doesn’t always have accurate material , and lack general knowledge of sex. Education about sex and its surrounding topics suchRead MoreThe Significance Of Sex Education982 Words   |  4 Pages101 6 October 2017 The Significance of Sex Education As teenagers start to grow up, they face with many difficult decisions about relationship and sexual behavior in their lives. It can impact their lives, health and behavior. To make sure that your children follow the right path to live a healthy life, sex education can prepare them to make good decisions. If you are not sexually active, that doesn’t mean you shouldn’t give up your chance to learn about it. Sex education shouldn’t be limited to teenagersRead MoreThe Importance Of Sex Education987 Words   |  4 Pages Sex Education As a young adult, I feel that sex education should be taught in school by a qualified adult.In a perfect world, sex education should be taught in the home; however, with the rise of teenage pregnancy, it is evident that it is not being taught in the home. It is because of this alarming trend that I feel that it needs to be taught in school.Sex education provides many different benefits to the students. It can prevent unwanted pregnancies, reduce sexually transmitted diseasesRead MoreIntimate Relationships And Sexual Relationships1196 Words   |  5 Pagesromance— chances are, every teen spends a part of their day wondering about these topics. The process of developing intimate relationships is a natural part of growing up. Intimacy is about being emotionally close to someone, and being able to share your feelings and thoughts without any restrictions. Many teens think that Intimate relationships are always sexual, but most of the time they are not, as there are many types of intimate relationships such as friendships and romantic relationships. OverRead MoreSex Education For Public Schools1426 Words   |  6 PagesSex Education Research Paper Sex education being taught in public schools is a reoccurring topic in many schools. More recently, it has also caught the attention of the public again due to rising unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted disease among young teenagers in the US over the last decade or so. â€Å"Each year, U.S. teens experience as many as 850,000 pregnancies, and youth under age 25 experience about 9.1 million sexually transmitted infections† (McKeon). Sex Education is attempting toRead MoreComprehensive Ignorance1553 Words   |  7 Pagespregnancy prevention programs (Alan Guttmacher Institute 2011). Later, during the Clinton administration in the mid-1990s, federal investment in abstinence-only sexual education increased by attaching funding for abstinence-only to Social Security Legislature. The main goal was to enable the State to provide abstinence education... to promote abstinence from sexual activity, with a focus on those groups which are most likely to bear children out-of- wedlock (US Social Security Administration 2011)Read MoreThe Case For Rights Education1665 Words   |  7 PagesAbramson, Seth. The Case for Rights Education Alongside Sex Education. The Huffington Post, 18 July 2016. The Huffington Post, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/the-case-for-rights-education-alongside-sex-education_us_578d282de4b0d4229484d76d. Accessed 21 Nov. 2016. In â€Å"The Case for Rights Education Alongside Sex Education†, Seth Abramson states that the reason sex education is present in the majority of all American schools is because sex matters. He makes an in-depth point about knowing how to handleRead MoreEssay on Should Sex Education be Taken Out of Schools?969 Words   |  4 Pagesincreasingly active sex lives. No longer is sex education left to teachers and parents to explain, it is constantly in our faces at the forefront of our society. Regardless of sex education curriculums and debates about possible changes, children and teenagers are still learning everything they think there is to know about sex from very early on in their young lives. However, without responsible adults instructing them on the facts about sex, there are more likely to treat sex in a cavalier and offhandedRead MoreShould Sex Education Be Incorporated Into Public Schools?1372 Words   |  6 PagesFor Sex Education in Public Schools An observation of the prevalent television programs and popular topics broadcasted in the media often depict teenagers with an air of promiscuity. Is teenage pregnancy really an uncontrolled epidemic, as depicted in shows such as â€Å"16 and Pregnant†? Are a vast majority of teenagers exchanging racy photos of their bodies with each other? If so, are teenagers acting out because of too much sex education? Or is the outbreak of hyper-sexualized activity linked to lack

Mental Illness Among Prisons And The United States

If a society is to be judged how it treats its most disadvantaged members, then the United States is in a very lowly state of affairs. The United States currently incarcerates over 356,000 individuals diagnosed with some form of mental illness. This is ten-fold the number of people receiving treatment in psychiatric hospitals, around 35,000 (Frances). Leaving us with the question, when did suffering from a mental illness become a crime worthy of incarceration? Doubt no longer remains as to if the this system is broken, as indicated by recent report from the Treatment Advocacy Center and the National Sheriffs’ Association, which after surveying sheriffs and prison administrators, concluded on three main points. Mental illness among prison populations are growing in numbers as well as severity, prison and jail officers feel compelled to supply a hospital level treatment regimen, and that the problem originates in the mediocre aftercare provided for those who are released accompa nied by the continual closure of state psychiatric centers (Felthous). What must be asked now is how does one mend a system on the edge of crisis. There are many propositions on how this may be done, but they can be summed up into the following strategies: the creation of resources to intervene before situations ever become critical, newer and better training of first responders, EMTs, and police officers in mental health emergencies, reformation in the way judges sentence those suffering fromShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Crime And Mental Illness1245 Words   |  5 PagesTypically, mental conditions affect the cognitive and emotional aspects of a person. Thus, people with mental illness face a high risk of engaging in criminalized behaviors. Many pieces of research show that the US has the largest number of its citizens in prison with severe mental illness. This essay will analyze how crime and mental illness is a crisis in America that has fundamentally been avoided over the year s that have seen the decline in institutions that were previously designed to help thisRead MoreThe Importance Of Mental Disorders In The Prison System1288 Words   |  6 PagesIn addition, persons with mental disorders are clearly overrepresented in the prison system, when compared to rates of persons in the community with mental disorders, studies found â€Å"that prevalence estimates were three to 12 times higher than in community samples, reaching as high as 64%,† (Prins, S. J., 2014, p. 862) with â€Å"prevalence† being defined as the commonness or occurrence of a mental disorder. The reasoning behind this skewed representation has continually puzzled researchers and led toRead MoreAffordable Care Act Research Paper1123 Words   |  5 Pagesthe citizens of the United States, not a lot of thought is given to the medical state of the inmates incarcerated in North America. According to the eighth amendment, cruel and unusual punishment should not be inflicted upon inmates (U.S. Const. amend.VIII). Not issuing the proper medication to a pain stricken cancer patient or prenatal vitamins to an expectant mother can be looked at as cruel and unusual punishment. This paper aims to determine if healthcare in the United States is unconstitutionalRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Reentry Programs On Reducing Juvenile Recidivism Essay943 Words   |  4 Pagesrepresented by the United who possesses 25% of the world s prisoners (Liptak, 2008). Approximately 2.2 million prisoners are awaiting pre-trial and 1.6 million post-trial inmates are incarcerated in city, state, and federal prisons throughout the United States, equating to 756 per 100,000 people incarcerated (Carson Golinelli, 2013; Exworthy et. al., 2012). Nearly 700,000 men and women are discharged from prison yearly (Mallik-Kane Visher, 2008). Recidivism places a strain on the prison by means ofRead MoreCriminalization Of The Mentally Ill1486 Words   |  6 Pagesill persons within the prison sy stem, it is important to know the history of mental illness in the prison system. In1841, Dorothea Dix began her Asylum Movement. She saw how deplorable the conditions were for mentally ill inmates in the prison system and insisted on change. The mental ill inmates were treated very poorly, being beaten, starved, and sexually abused. Dix brought her findings to the legislature of Massachusetts and funds were then set aside to expand the mental hospital in WorcesterRead MorePrisoners with Special Needs1118 Words   |  5 PagesPrisoners with Special Needs David Stevens CJS/255 May 30, 2016 Sherri Webster Special needs, mentally ill, and substance-abusing prisoners affect the jail and prison systems at a state and federal level in a multitude of ways. One of the main issues within prisons is the fact that their mental health services can be seriously inadequate and lacking the proper staffing, all while operating in facilities that are not equipped to handle such prisoners, on top of a limited amount of programsRead MoreThe United States Faces Excessive Mass Incarceration1618 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States faces excessive mass incarceration. We have the largest prison population in the world and the second highest incarceration rate per-capita (1 in 100 citizens is behind bars). While you are certainly familiar with these statistics, I would like to emphasize that using incarceration as the primary response to social problems, as is happening today in the United States, impacts the incarcerated, their families and neighborhoods, as well as costing Maryland taxpayers millions of dollarsRead MoreServing Mentally Ill Prison Populations Essay1030 Words   |  5 PagesServing Mentally Ill Prison Populations Kylee L. Radcliffe Argosy University  Abstract [The abstract should be one paragraph of between 150 and 250 words. It is not indented. Section titles, such as the word Abstract above, are not considered headings so they don’t use bold heading format. Instead, use the Section Title style. This style automatically starts your section on a new page, so you don’t have to add page breaks. To apply any text style in this document with just a tap, on the HomeRead MoreMental Illness And Its Effects On The Community992 Words   |  4 PagesPrisoners have a higher rate of mental illness than the community. Two point six percent to five point four percent of the adult population has a major mental illness. Sixteen percent of the incarcerated population has a mental illness and twenty-three point six of women in state prisons has a mental illness. The most common illnesses that women prisoners deal with are depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, substance abuse, personality disorders, and thought disorders. Women inmates used theRead MoreEffects Of Prison Overcrowding1345 Words   |  6 Pagesthat prison overcrowding causes towards the inmates and the guards. I will first address the issue of violence that prison overcrowding causes. My next point will be the health of the inmates discussing both their physical and mental while in overcrowded prisons. Lastly I will discuss the physical and mental health of the correctional officers and how the job could lead to correctional officers having issues in their private life. Prison Overcrowding has become a major issue in the United States

Frostbite Chapter 17 Free Essays

Seventeen WHAT DO YOU THINK YOU’RE doing?† she demanded. Her voice was still too loud as far as I was concerned. â€Å"Nothing, I- â€Å" â€Å"Excuse us, Lord Ivashkov,† she growled. We will write a custom essay sample on Frostbite Chapter 17 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Then, like I was five years old, she grabbed me by my arm and jerked me out of the room. Champagne sloshed out of my glass and splashed onto the skirt of my dress. â€Å"What do you think you’re doing?† I exclaimed, once we were out in the hall. Mournfully, I looked down at my dress. â€Å"This is silk. You could have ruined it.† She grabbed the champagne flute and set it down on a nearby table. â€Å"Good. Maybe it’ll stop you from dressing up like a cheap whore.† â€Å"Whoa,† I said, shocked. â€Å"That’s kind of harsh. And where do you get off turning motherly all of a sudden?† I gestured to the dress. â€Å"This isn’t exactly cheap. You thought it was nice of Tasha to give it to me.† â€Å"That’s because I didn’t expect you to wear it out with Moroi and make a spectacle of yourself.† â€Å"I’m not making a spectacle of myself. And anyway, it covers everything up.† â€Å"A dress that tight might as well be showing everything,† she retorted. She, of course, was dressed in guardian black: tailored black linen pants and a matching blazer. She had a few curves of her own, but the clothing hid them. â€Å"Especially when you’re with a group like that. Your body’s†¦conspicuous. And flirting with Moroi doesn’t really help.† â€Å"I wasn’t flirting with him.† The accusation made me angry because I felt I’d been on really good behavior lately. I used to flirt all the time- and do other things- with Moroi guys, but after a few talks and one embarrassing incident with Dimitri, I’d realized how stupid that was. Dhampir girls did have to be careful with Moroi guys, and I kept that in mind all the time now. Something petty occurred to me. â€Å"Besides,† I said mockingly, â€Å"isn’t that what I’m supposed to do? Hook up with a Moroi and further my race? It’s what you did.† She glowered. â€Å"Not when I was your age.† â€Å"You were only a few years older than me.† â€Å"Don’t do anything stupid, Rose,† she said. â€Å"You’re too young for a baby. You don’t have the life experience for it- you haven’t even lived your own life yet. You won’t be able to do the kind of job you wish you could.† I groaned, mortified. â€Å"Are we really even discussing this? How did we go from me allegedly flirting to suddenly having a litter? I’m not having sex with him or anyone else, and even if I were, I know about birth control. Why are you talking to me like I’m a child?† â€Å"Because you act like one.† It was remarkably like what Dimitri had told me. I glared. â€Å"So you’re going to send me to my room now?† â€Å"No, Rose.† She suddenly looked tired. â€Å"You don’t have to go to your room, but don’t go back in there, either. Hopefully you didn’t draw too much attention.† â€Å"You make it sound like I was giving a lap dance in there,† I told her. â€Å"I just had dinner with Lissa.† â€Å"You’d be surprised what things can spark rumors,† she warned. â€Å"Especially with Adrian Ivashkov.† With that, she turned and headed off down the hall. Watching her, I felt anger and resentment burn through me. Overreact much? I hadn’t done anything wrong. I knew she had her whole blood-whore paranoia, but this was extreme, even for her. Worst of all, she’d dragged me out of there, and several people had witnessed it. For someone who supposedly didn’t want me attracting attention, she’d kind of messed that one up. A couple of Moroi who’d been standing near Adrian and me walked out of the room. They glanced in my direction and then whispered something as they passed. â€Å"Thanks, Mom,† I muttered to myself. Humiliated, I stalked off in the opposite direction, not really sure where I was going. I headed out toward the back of the lodge, away from all the activity. The hall eventually ended, but a door leading to some stairs sat on the left. The door was unlocked, so I followed the stairs upward to another door. To my pleasure, it opened up onto a small rooftop deck that didn’t appear to see much use. A blanket of snow lay over it all, but it was early morning out here, and the sun shone brightly, making everything glitter. I brushed snow off of a large, box-like object that looked to be part of the ventilation system. Heedless of my dress, I sat down on it. Wrapping my arms around myself, I stared off, taking in the view and the sun I rarely got to enjoy. I was startled when the door opened a few minutes later. When I looked back I was even more startled still to see Dimitri emerge. My heart gave a small flutter, and I turned away, unsure what to think. His boots crunched in the snow as he walked over to where I was sitting. A moment later, he took off his long coat and draped it over my shoulders. He sat down beside me. â€Å"You must be freezing.† I was, but I didn’t want to admit it. â€Å"The sun’s out.† He tipped his head back, looking up at the perfect blue sky. I knew he missed the sun as much as I did sometimes. â€Å"It is. But we’re still on a mountain in the middle of winter.† I didn’t answer. We sat there in a comfortable silence for a while. Occasionally, a light wind blew clouds of snow around. It was night for Moroi, and most would be going to bed soon, so the ski runs were quiet. â€Å"My life is a disaster,† I finally said. â€Å"It’s not a disaster,† he said automatically. â€Å"Did you follow me from the party?† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"I didn’t even know you were there.† His dark clothes indicated he must have been on guardian duty at the party. â€Å"So you saw the illustrious Janine cause a commotion by dragging me out.† â€Å"It wasn’t a commotion. Hardly anyone noticed. I saw because I was watching you.† I refused to let myself get excited over that. â€Å"That’s not what she said,† I told him. â€Å"I might as well have been working a corner as far as she was concerned.† I relayed the conversation from the hallway. â€Å"She’s just worried about you,† Dimitri said when I finished. â€Å"She overreacted.† â€Å"Sometimes mothers are overprotective.† I stared at him. â€Å"Yeah, but this is my mother. And she didn’t seem that protective, really. I think she was more worried I’d embarrass her or something. And all that becoming-a-mother-too-young stuff was stupid. I’m not going to do anything like that.† â€Å"Maybe she wasn’t talking about you,† he said. More silence. My jaw fell open. You don’t have the life experience for it- you haven’t even lived your own life yet. You won’t be able to do the kind of job you wish you could. My mom had been twenty when I was born. Growing up, that had always seemed really old to me. But now†¦that was only a few years off for me. Not old at all. Did she think she’d had me too soon? Had she done a shoddy job raising me simply because she didn’t know any better at the time? Did she regret the way things had turned out between us? And was it†¦ was it maybe possible that she’d had some personal experience of her own with Moroi men and people spreading rumors about her? I had inherited a lot of her features. I mean, I’d even noticed tonight what a nice figure she had. She had a pretty face, too- for a nearly forty-year-old, I mean. She’d probably been really, really good-looking when she was younger†¦. I sighed. I didn’t want to think about that. If I did, I might have to reevaluate my relationship with her- maybe even acknowledge my mother as a real person- and I already had too many relationships stressing me. Lissa always worried me, even though she seemed to be okay for a change. My so-called romance with Mason was in shambles. And then, of course, there was Dimitri†¦. â€Å"We aren’t fighting right now.† I blurted out. He gave me a sidelong look. â€Å"Do you want to fight?† â€Å"No. I hate fighting with you. Verbally, I mean. I don’t mind in the gym.† I thought I detected the hint of a smile. Always a half-smile for me. Rarely a full one. â€Å"I don’t like fighting with you either.† Sitting next to him there, I marveled at the warm and happy emotions springing up inside of me. There was something about being around him that felt so good, that moved me in a way Mason couldn’t. You can’t force love, I realized. It’s there or it isn’t. If it’s not there, you’ve got to be able to admit it. If it is there, you’ve got to do whatever it takes to protect the ones you love. The next words that came out of my mouth astonished me, both because they were completely unselfish and because I actually meant them. â€Å"You should take it.† He flinched. â€Å"What?† â€Å"Tasha’s offer. You should take her up on it. It’s a really great chance.† I remembered my mom’s words about being ready for children. I wasn’t. Maybe she hadn’t been. But Tasha was. And I knew Dimitri was too. They got along really well. He could go be her guardian, have some kids with her †¦ it would be a good deal for both of them. â€Å"I never expected to hear you say anything like that,† he told me, voice tight. â€Å"Especially after- â€Å" â€Å"What a bitch I’ve been? Yeah.† I tugged his coat tighter against the cold. It smelled like him. It was intoxicating, and I could half-imagine being wrapped in his embrace. Adrian might have been onto something about the power of scent. â€Å"Well. Like I said, I don’t want to fight anymore. I don’t want us to hate each other. And†¦well †¦Ã¢â‚¬  I squeezed my eyes shut and then opened them. â€Å"No matter how I feel about us †¦ I want you to be happy.† Silence yet again. I noticed then that my chest hurt. Dimitri reached out and put his arm around me. He pulled me to him, and I rested my head on his chest. â€Å"Roza,† was all he said. It was the first time he’d really touched me since the night of the lust charm. The practice room had been something different †¦ more animal. This wasn’t even about sex. It was just about being close to someone you cared about, about the emotion that kind of connection flooded you with. Dimitri might run off with Tasha, but I would still love him. I would probably always love him. I cared about Mason. But I would probably never love him. I sighed into Dimitri, just wishing I could stay like that forever. It felt right being with him. And- no matter how much the thought of him and Tasha made me ache- doing what was best for him felt right. Now, I knew, it was time to stop being a coward and do something else that was right. Mason had said I needed to learn something about myself. I just had. Reluctantly, I pulled away and handed Dimitri his coat. I stood up. He regarded me curiously, sensing my unease. â€Å"Where you going?† he asked. â€Å"To break someone’s heart,† I replied. I admired Dimitri for a heartbeat more- the dark, knowing eyes and silken hair. Then I headed inside. I had to apologize to Mason†¦and tell him there’d never be anything between us. How to cite Frostbite Chapter 17, Essay examples

Nationwide Petrol Station and Truckstop

Question: Discuss about the Nationwide Petrol Station and Truckstop. Answer: Introduction: Organizational change refers to the changes in management and business processes of an organization. Organizational changes are necessary from time to time in order to remain ahead of the competitors and to survive in the long- run. There are several difficulties associated with changes such as resistance from employees (Benn, Dunphy Griffiths, 2014). However, embracing changes is essential for the growth and development of an organization. Successful companies know the importance of organizational change in achieving competitive advantage. It involves understanding the needs and wants of the customers and developing products and services accordingly (Cameron Green, 2015). It involves ensuring that the quality of products and services meet the expectations of the customers. The report explains the organizational change in Z Energy Limited. Z Energy Limited is a New Zealand based company, which acts as a fuel distributor. The organization has its own branded service stations. It is a dual listed public company and a successor of Shell New Zealand Limited and Greenstone Energy Limited. The organization was founded in the year 1911 as Shell New Zealand Limited in Auckland. The organization is located in more than 305 locations in New Zealand and Australia. The company mainly deals in diesel, petrol and oil. The organization provides employment to more than 2500 individuals. The company supplies fuel to several large commercial and retail customers such as airlines, mines, trucking companies and several others. The organization is also involved in providing bitumen to the roading contractors ("Quality fuels, Forecourt service, Nationwide petrol station and truckstop network, Fresh food and great coffee - Z is for New Zealand | Z", 2017) The senior management team of the organization comprises of Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, General counsel, General manager corporate, General manager supply and distribution, General manager retail, General manager commercial, General manager HSSE (Health, Safety, Security and Environment), General manager people and culture and General manager marketing. The organization has its board of members, which comprises of seven people namely Peter Ward Griffiths, Alan Michael Dunn, Paul Fowler, Marko Bogoievski, Dr. Bruce Harker, Abby Foote and Justine Munro ("Quality fuels, Forecourt service, Nationwide petrol station and truckstop network, Fresh food and great coffee - Z is for New Zealand | Z", 2017). Products and or services of the organization Z Energy Limited is a New Zealand based company, which acts as a fuel distributor. The organization has its own branded service stations. The company mainly deals in diesel, petrol and oil. The company supplies fuel to several large commercial and retail customers such as airlines, mines, trucking companies and several others. The organization is also involved in providing bitumen to the roading contractors. For motorists, the Company offers fuels, such as ZX Premium Unleaded, Z91 Unleaded, Z Bio D Biodiesel and Z Diesel. The organization is located in more than 305 locations in New Zealand and Australia ("Quality fuels, Forecourt service, Nationwide petrol station and truckstop network, Fresh food and great coffee - Z is for New Zealand | Z", 2017). The Company also supplies bulk fuel to trucking companies, airlines, transport firms, construction companies, power generators, farmers, loggers and mining operations. The Company also supplies bitumen to roading companies. The goal of the organization is to represent the capabilities of New Zealanders to put their minds to the things that matter such as putting service into service stations, supporting local neighbors, fueling New Zealand to grow further and rewarding the investors for their trust in the company ("Quality fuels, Forecourt service, Nationwide petrol station and truckstop network, Fresh food and great coffee - Z is for New Zealand | Z", 2017). The organization aims to bring out purpose to life for their customers, shareholders and stakeholders. The purpose refers to what guides everything the organization does that is to solve what matters to for a moving world. The vision of the company is to become a globally recognized Kiwi company and become a role model for other organizations. Political factors: Political factors play an important role in the survival and profitability of an organization. Z Energy deals in diesel, petrol and oil in several countries and has to deal with the political environment and the several risks involved in the political systems across the nations. In order to ensure profitability in the energy industry across the nations, it is necessary to diversify the potential political risks. There are several factors that are required to be analyzed while conducting business overseas. The factors involve political stability in the other nations, corruption levels, legal framework, trade regulations, anti- trust laws, pricing regulations, wage legislation, taxation policies, industrial safety regulations, interference level of the government in energy industry (Zalengera et al., 2014). Economical factors: The economic conditions of the countries affect the business functions of Z Energy. Several factors such as inflation rate, interest rates, foreign exchange rate, savings rate and the economic cycle of the nations determine the demand of the products of Z Energy. Several other factors that determine the demand of the products of Z Energy involve the level of competition within the country. The organization can study the information related to the inflation rate, growth rate, tastes and preferences of the customers, etc in order to forecast the demand and profitability. The economic factors to be considered involve kind of economic system, type of market, exchange rates, quality of infrastructure, condition of the financial markets, comparative advantages, workforce skills, education level, labor costs, business cycle stage, economic growth rate, unemployment rate, discretionary income, interest rate, inflation rate and several other factors (Makos, 2015). Social factors: The culture of a society highly influences the success or failure of an organization. The attitude and belief of the people play a vital role in determining the marketing and sales strategies. It is necessary to understand the buying patterns of the customers in the target market in order to determine the scope of success or failure of a business. Therefore, it is necessary to study the demographics of an area, the education level of the population, class structure in the society, culture, entrepreneurial spirit, attitudes and leisure interest of the target population (Team, 2013). Technological factors: There have been rapid changes in the technologies all over the world. The transportation industry has witnessed several technological advancements in the past few years. The number of vehicles has also increased over the past few years. The taxi industry has also gone through a massive revolution with the introduction of several companies such as Uber. Automation has changed the outlook of the car industry (Petrou, Demerouti Schaufeli, 2016). Therefore, Z Energy is required to study the technological changes of the rivals, the impacts of technological changes on the products offered, impact of cost structure and value chain structure in the Energy industry and the level of technological diffusion. Legal factors: The legal structures differ from one country to another. Therefore, the organizations are required to study the legal structures of the countries in which they operate. Z Energy must also analyze the legal framework and the legal institutions in the countries in which it operates. Some of the legal factors to be considered involves discrimination law, consumer protection law, data protection law, health and safety law, employment law, intellectual property law and anti- trust law prevalent in the energy industries across the nations (Anderson, 2016). Environmental factors: The several environmental factors that affect Z Energy involve weather, climate change, air and water pollution, waste management systems, endangered species, etc. The business activities of Z Energy highly affects the environment, therefore; the organization is required to study the impact of the business activities of the organization on the environment (Nacamulli, Sheldon Della Torre, 2017). Research objectives To understand the importance of organizational change To identify the organizational changes required in Z Energy Limited To analyze the impact of organizational changes in Z Energy Limited To suggest suitable organizational changes that shall help the organization to further develop and increase its profitability The data collection process involves primary data collection method and secondary data collection method. In this case, both primary data collection technique and secondary data collection techniques would be appropriate to identify the areas in which organizational changes are required within the firm to improve its efficiency. In case of primary data collection, the employees of the organization shall be interviewed in order to know the type of organizational changes that are necessary for the further development of the organization (Orkin, 2014). The organizational change might be related to personnel change, technological change or remedial changes. For this purpose, the organizational members shall be interviewed and the results obtained from the data collected shall be analyzed to take further actions. The organization comprises of more than 2500 employees and a random sample population of 500 employees shall be interviewed in order to derive conclusions for the entire populati on. In case of secondary data collection, the market trends in the fuel and energy shall be analyzed in order to find out the necessary changes that are required. The strategies utilized by the competing firms shall also be analyzed in order to find out suitable organizational changes and strategies that shall help the organization to remain ahead of the competitors (Best Kahn, 2016). Research findings and Discussion The research findings indicate the necessity of reorganization the personnel within the organization in order to improve the efficiency of the organization and remain ahead of the competitors. The organizational change shall require personal development, ergonomic work place and improving the level of job satisfaction among the employees (Matthews Ross, 2014). The organization is required to undergo massive hiring and layoffs in order to ensure that the best employees remain within the organization. A major issue found was presence of a large number of older staff that has become unproductive and lack the technological advancement. Therefore, the organization is required to hire fresh candidates with higher productivity and greater knowledge of technologies. However, these changes might negatively affect the employees. Therefore, it is necessary that the organization ensures that the organizational change is managed in an appropriate manner that does not result in resistance towards the change. Another major change required for increasing the competitive capacity of the organization requires mergers, acquisitions or joint ventures. This shall increase the financial strength of the organization and shall enable the organization to explore the international markets and obtain benefits from them. The organizations operate in close relation to the society and involve social factors that are required to be considered. Organizational change management is highly dependent upon the social factors such as demographics and social mobility, lifestyle patterns and changes, attitudes and actions of people, perception and influence of media and ethnic and religious differences (Haslam et al., 2014). The biological perspective of managing change considers that the perceptions of the individuals differ from each other. The perception of an individual changes as it grows to an adult and matures until he dies (Colquitt et al., 2013). For example, the perceptions of the employees of Z Energy Limited might change from time to time. In such a case, it becomes necessary to consider the opinions of the organizational members in order to ensure successful change management. System perspective Systems perspective states that even a small change within an organization might have several impacts on the organization and its members. For example, there are several subsystems in a human body such as respiratory system and muscular system in the similar manner, there are several sub systems within an organization, which are inter related to each other. Any change in one system shall affect the other systems (Wooten Hoffman, 2016). Therefore, it is necessary to consider the impacts of the changes on all the related systems. The rational perspective is within the power of the managers to influence as they possess appropriate authorities and adequate resources that helps in achieving the organizational objectives (Dawson Andriopoulos, 2014). For example, suggestions and opinions from the managers in Z Energy Limited must be taken in to consideration before deciding the change and implementing it within the organization. Change is an important part of every organization (both small and large organizations). In the fast changing world, it becomes necessary for the organizations to adapt and implement the necessary changes in order to remain ahead of the competitors and survive in the long- run. The organizations that manage changes efficiently have more chances of becoming successful. The process in which organizations manage change differs in terms of nature of business, the change involved and the people involved. The Lewins change model comprises of three stages namely unfreeze, change and freeze. The first stage is unfreezing. In this stage, the organization gets ready for the change (Cummings, Bridgman Brown, 2016). This involves understanding the fact that the change is necessary for the betterment of the organization and getting prepared for moving out of ones present comfort zone. The more the organization feels that the change is necessary, the more it is motivated to implement the required changes. The second stage involves change or transition. In this stage, the organization actually implements the changes. This stage is often referred to as the most difficult stage (Burnes, 2017). There are high chances of resistance to changes as it is difficult for the people associated with an organization to accept the changes. The last stage involves freezing. In this stage, the organization aims at establishing stability after the necessary changes have been implemented. The changes are accepted by the organizational people and they start feeling comfortable with their present routines (Bartunek Woodman, 2015). John Kotters change model Kotter trusted that it is basic to experience a few stages keeping in mind the end goal to effectively actualize changes inside an association. The initial step includes making a feeling of urgency. As indicated by him, for a change to be effective, more than 75 percent of the members of the organization must feel the need and criticalness of the change. The change must be actualized when it is distinguished as any postponement in executing change may prompt misfortunes and wastefulness of the associations (Calegari, Sibley Turner, 2015). The second step includes making a directing coalition. This progression specifies that it is important to include the authoritative individuals keeping in mind the end goal to effectively actualize the change on the grounds that the senior administration and officials cannot be the only ones who execute the change. The senior experts are required to control the representatives of the association and help them to adjust with the progressions. The th ird step includes building up a dream and technique. It is important to build up an appropriate system and vision. The change administrator is in charge of creating proper methodologies that will direct the change procedure. They are required to include all the key partners in the change administration process (Pollack Pollack, 2015). The fourth step is passing on the change vision. It is exceptionally important to impart the progressions that are to be actualized inside an association that might influence the key partners. Change cannot be actualized effectively by insignificant arranging the change rather, it is important to pass on the progressions to the related partners so they can set themselves up for the progressions to be executed inside the association. The fifth step includes engaging representatives. In this progression, the change isn't just passed on to the related partners yet in addition they are permitted to concoct their contemplations, fears and thoughts in regards to the change. It is fundamental to include the general population who should be influenced because of the progressions so that there is no protection and the change is actualized with no obstacles. The 6th step includes producing temporary wins. Keeping up force is basic for the effective usage of progress. Short- term wins is one of the techniques that assistance in the fruitful usage of changes by making early progress. The seventh step includes merging gains. In this progression the fleeting wins should positively affect the related individuals and they might be urged to additionally actualize the adjustment keeping in mind the end goal to get long haul picks up (Issah Zimmerman, 2016). The eighth step includes mooring new methodologies in the way of life. The associations must be continually engaged with growing new methodologies that assistance in the hierarchical advancement in light of the fact that the methodologies, which have been effective in the past might not be fruitful later on. Along these lines, the associations must be inventive and creative and thought of another approach when the past methodologies appear to be of no utilization. Hard or soft model The 'hard' components of change are the undertakings inside change management, which are characterized and measured. Soft elements, for example, culture and inspiration might be harder to evaluate. Accentuation might be set after overseeing undertaking factors to the detriment of delicate components amid change intercessions; nonetheless, Farkas (2016) contended that four hard factors correspond to the result of progress mediations, to be specific: term (time span); honesty (dependence on administrators); duty (of all associated with change); and exertion (inside the chance of time permitted). While portraying change, organizations are required to consider the speed and size of progress, and relate this to the issue of multifaceted nature. The issues that change present to an association can be seen by supervisors as 'challenges', which are 'limited' in that they can be very much characterized (determined) and can be managed without including or affecting on the more extensive associ ation. Another classification of issues are those which can't be all around characterized and are 'unbounded' as in the more extensive association is embroiled and should be engaged with managing these sorts of issues. In the case of Z Energy Limited, the change is soft change as it involves change in the human resource management. Total quality management (TQM) refers to the organizational effort that is developed to enhance the quality of products or services provided by the organizations. In the highly competitive environment, the organizations are required to pay more attention towards the quality of its products and services (Mitra, 2016). Several organizations nowadays hire external consultants and initiate several quality training workshops for their employees. Successful companies know the importance of total quality management in achieving competitive advantage. Total quality management involves giving preference to the needs and wants of the customers and developing products and services accordingly (Goetsch Davis, 2014). It involves ensuring that the quality of products and services meet the expectations of the customers. In case of total quality management, the initial objective of the organizations is to identify and meet the expectations of the customers. According to Total quality management, a product is of no worth if it is unable to satisfy the expectations of the customers (Dale, 2015). Another aspect of total quality management is that it focuses upon continuous improvement. High performance work organization High performance work organization refers to the organizations, which have greater involvement of the organizational employees in the decision- making process. The high performance work organizations provide greater control to the organizational employees over their reward structure, which results in greater efficiency and motivation among the employees (Gimenez- Espin, Jimnez- Jimnez Martnez- Costa, 2013). The high performance work organizations aim at increasing the job satisfaction of the employees by providing them with several benefits and rewards such as profit- sharing, job rotation, job enlargement, job enrichment, on the job training, outside training, incentives, pay based upon merit and several other benefits (Jensen, Patel Messersmith, 2013). It is necessary for the organizations to aim at becoming a high performance work organization in order to remain profitable in the high competition market (Katzenbach Smith, 2015). Conclusion Organizational changes are necessary from time to time in order to remain ahead of the competitors and to survive in the long- run. There are several difficulties associated with changes such as resistance from employees. However, embracing changes is essential for the growth and development of an organization. Z Energy Limited is a New Zealand based company, which acts as a fuel distributor. The company supply fuel to several large commercial and retail customers such as airlines, mines, trucking companies and is one of the leading suppliers of fuel and energy in New Zealand. However, the organization is required to undergo massive hiring and layoffs in order to ensure that the best employees remain within the organization. A major issue found was presence of a large number of older staff that has become unproductive and lack the technological advancement. Another major change required for increasing the competitive capacity of the organization requires mergers, acquisitions or join t ventures. This shall increase the financial strength of the organization and shall enable the organization to explore the international markets and obtain benefits from them. Recommendations Z Energy Limited is required to emphasize upon its human resource management techniques in order to ensure successful change implementation. For this purpose, the organization must must involve the organizational employees and managers and devise suitable motivational techniques to avoid resistance to the changes. An in depth market research is necessary to identify the market trends and the marketing strategies used by the competitors. Only after the collection and analysis of the relevant data, the change must be initiated. It is also necessary to keep the organizational employees satisfied in order to obtain their support during the entire change process. The organization must follow Kotters eight steps of change management in order to ensure the success of the organizational change. For the change to be effective, it must be ensured that more than 75 percent of the members of the organization must feel the need and criticalness of the change. The change must be actualized when it is distinguished as any postponement in executing change may prompt misfortunes and wastefulness of the associations. It is fundamental to include the general population who should be influenced because of the progressions so that there is no protection and the change is actualized with no obstacles. Smart objectives Activities Methods Time frame Increasing the competitiveness of the organization Collecting data regarding the competitive strategies of the rival organizations Analyzing the current strategies of the organization Making provisions for detailed market research 1 month Increasing the level of job satisfaction among the employees Involving the employees in the change management process Offering attractive wages and incentives to the employees Using non- monetary motivational techniques to motivate the employees Implementing effective human resource management techniques 2 months Implementing the change management successfully Promoting the necessity of the change Involving organizational employees Helping the organizational members to become comfortable with the change Following Kotters eight steps of change management 6 months Referencing Aarons, G. A., Ehrhart, M. G., Farahnak, L. R., Hurlburt, M. S. (2015). 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